Why teeth become sensitive
Sensitivity usually happens when the dentine — the layer beneath enamel — becomes exposed. Dentine contains tiny tubules that connect to the nerve, so temperature and sweetness can trigger a short, sharp response.
Common reasons for exposure include gum recession, enamel wear from acidic drinks, grinding, and the period after professional cleaning or whitening.
- Gum recession exposing root surfaces
- Acid erosion from frequent fizzy or citrus drinks
- Grinding or clenching wearing the biting surfaces
- A cracked tooth or a failing filling
- Temporary sensitivity after dental treatment
What usually helps
A sensitivity toothpaste used consistently, smeared on the sensitive area and left rather than rinsed away, helps many people over a few weeks. Reducing the frequency of acidic drinks and waiting before brushing after them also reduces wear.
A night guard may be advised if grinding is contributing.
When sensitivity needs assessing
Short, sharp sensitivity that settles quickly is common. Pain that lingers after the cold has gone, pain on biting a single tooth, night pain, or sensitivity in one tooth that is getting worse are different — these can indicate decay, a crack or nerve inflammation and should be examined.
This article is general information and is not a substitute for an examination. If something in your mouth is painful, changing or worrying you, please book a check-up.